What is the function of irony in literature?

The function of irony in literature is primarily to highlight the discrepancies between expectations and reality. This literary device often exposes contradictions in situations, statements, or characters, revealing truths or insights that might not be immediately apparent. For instance, when a character experiences a situation that is the opposite of what they anticipated, it can evoke humor, poignancy, or critical commentary on societal norms and human behavior. By presenting scenarios where the outcome differs significantly from what one might expect, irony encourages readers to engage more deeply with the text, provoking thought and reflection about the underlying themes.

The other options do not accurately capture the essence of irony. While confusion may arise from irony, it is not its primary function. A monotonous tone does not align with the often dynamic and engaging nature of irony. Additionally, while irony can add complexity to a narrative, its purpose is not to make understanding difficult but to enrich the reader's experience by challenging perceptions and assumptions.