What are the characteristics of Gothic literature?

Gothic literature is primarily characterized by elements of horror, mystery, and the supernatural. This genre emerged in the late 18th century and often explores themes of madness, despair, and the macabre. Typical settings include dark, decaying castles or haunted landscapes, which create an atmospheric tension that is central to the narrative. The use of the supernatural, such as ghosts, monsters, or otherworldly occurrences, serves to evoke feelings of dread and suspense in the reader. Furthermore, characters in Gothic tales often struggle against overwhelming forces, whether they be external (like a tyrannical figure or an oppressive environment) or internal (like psychological trauma or moral conflict). This focus on the eerie and the unknown distinguishes Gothic literature from other genres that might emphasize humor, romanticism, or social commentary.